Preface
Acknowledgments
About the Author
Brief Overview
The Role of Theories of Psychotherapy
Integrative Psychotherapy: The Focus of This Book
Professional and Personal Issues for the Journey Toward Psychotherapy or Counseling Integration
Therapist Beliefs and Values: Relationship to Choosing a Theory
Ethical Issues in Starting Your Journey Toward Developing an Integrative Counseling Theory
Summary
PART I: THE FIRST FORCE IN PSYCHOTHERAPY: PSYCHOANALYSIS AND PSYCHODYNAMIC THEORIES
Psychology’s Indebtedness to Sigmund Freud
Some Distinctions Between Psychoanalysis and Psychodynamic Theories
Integration of Freudian Concepts: The Unconscious and Transference
New Forms of Psychoanalysis
Brief Overview
Psychoanalytic Therapy
Key Concepts of Sigmund Freud
The Therapeutic Process
The Movement Toward Contemporary Psychodynamic Therapy
Ego Psychology
Object Relations Theory
Self Psychology
Comparison and Contrast of Psychoanalytic and Psychodynamic Theories
Other Theorists and Therapy Approaches Considered Psychoanalytic
Brief Psychodynamic Therapy
Key Concepts of Carl Jung
Research and Evaluation of Psychoanalytic and Psychodynamic Approaches
Summary
Brief Overview
Major Contributor: Alfred Adler (1870–1937)
Key Concepts
The Therapeutic Process
Research and Evaluation
Summary
PART II: THE SECOND FORCE IN PSYCHOTHERAPY: BEHAVIOR THERAPY AND COGNITIVE THERAPY
Definition of Behavior Therapy
The Three Waves of Behavior Therapy
Brief Overview
Behavior Therapy
Key Concepts of Behavior Therapy
The Therapeutic Process
Current Trends in Behavior Therapy
Applied Behavioral Analysis
Behavioral Activation: A Promising Treatment for Depression
The Behavior Activation Model and Treatment for Depression
Behavior Activation Techniques
Integrated Psychopharmacology
Research and Evaluation
Summary
Brief Overview
Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy
Key Concepts of REBT
The Therapeutic Process and REBT
Social Modeling, Observational Learning, and Self-Efficacy
Cognitive Therapy and Depression
Key Concepts of Beck’s Cognitive Therapy
The Therapeutic Process
Cognitive Neuroscience
The Third Wave in Behavior Therapy: Mindfulness Integrated Into Cognitive Behavioral Therapies (DBT, ACT, and MBCT)
Differences Between ACT, CBT, DBT, and MBCT
Research and Evaluation of CBTs
Summary
Brief Overview
Major Contributor: William Glasser (1925–2013)
Key Concepts
The Therapeutic Process
Research and Evaluation
Summary
PART III: THE THIRD FORCE IN PSYCHOTHERAPY: EXISTENTIAL AND HUMANISTIC THEORIES
The Existential and Humanistic Theories
The Existential Worldview
The Humanistic Worldview
Merger of Existentialism and Humanism
New Developments in Humanism: Motivational Interviewing, the Stages of Change Theory, Interpersonal Psychotherapy, and Emotion-Focused Therapy
Challenges Facing the Existential–Humanistic School
Brief Overview
Major Contributor: Rollo May (1904–1994): The First Major American Existentialist
Key Concepts of Existential Therapy
The Therapeutic Process
Major Contributor: Viktor Frankl (1905–1997) and Logotherapy
Research and Evaluation
Summary
Brief Overview
Major Contributor: Carl Rogers (1902–1987)
Key Concepts
The Therapeutic Process
Research and Evaluation
Summary
Brief Overview
Major Contributor: Fritz Perls (1893–1970)
Philosophical Roots for Gestalt Therapy
Influence of Existentialism on Gestalt Therapy
Key Concepts
The Therapeutic Process
Research and Evaluation
Emotion-Focused Therapy
Goals of EFT
Summary
Brief Overview
Motivational Interviewing
Key Concepts of MI
The Therapeutic Process
Research and Evaluation of MI
The Transtheoretical Model of Change or the Stages of Change Theory
Key Concepts of the Transtheoretical Model of Change
The Therapeutic Process
Research and Evaluation of TTM
Summary
Brief Overview
Expressive Arts: A Human Tradition
Key Concepts
Three Expressive Arts Therapeutic Approaches
Art Therapy and Neuroscience
Research and Evaluation
Summary
PART IV: THE FOURTH FORCE IN PSYCHOTHERAPY: SOCIAL CONSTRUCTIVISM AND POSTMODERNISM
Postmodernism and the Road to Social Constructivism
Differences Between Modern and Postmodern or Constructivist Psychotherapies
The Postmodern Psychotherapies
Outline of Chapters in Part IV
Brief Overview
Brief History and Overview of the Multicultural Movement
New 2017 APA Multicultural Guidelines
What Is Multicultural Counseling?
Multicultural Counseling: Two Emerging Theories
The Therapeutic Process
Beginning the Cultural Competence Journey
The Culturally Competent Skill of Counselor Cultural Humility
Major Barriers to Culturally Competent Counseling or Therapy
Racial or Ethnic, Gender, and Sexual Orientation Bias: Major Barriers to Cultural Competence
Research and Evaluation
Summary
Brief Overview
Commonalities Among Asian Theories of Personality and Psychotherapy
Japanese Approaches to Psychotherapy
Chinese Contributions to Psychotherapy: Mindfulness
Hindu Indian Approaches to Counseling and Psychotherapy
African Approaches to Healing and Psychotherapy: Nigeria
Arab Approaches to Psychotherapy
Research and Evaluation of Transcultural Psychotherapy
Summary
Feminist Therapy
Key Concepts of Feminist Therapy
The Therapeutic Process in Feminist Therapy
Research and Evaluation in Feminist Therapy
Gay and Lesbian Therapy
Key Concepts of LGBTQ Therapy
The Therapeutic Process in Gay and Lesbian Psychotherapy
Summary
Brief Overview
Key Concepts in Spiritual and Religious Counseling
Research and Evaluation
Summary
Brief Overview
Major Contributors: Insoo Kim Berg and Steve de Shazer
Key Concepts
The Therapeutic Process
Research and Evaluation
Summary
Brief Overview
Key Concepts
The Therapeutic Process
Research and Evaluation
Summary
Introduction
Major Contributor: Elsie Jones-Smith
Key Concepts
The Neurobiology of Human Strengths Development
Strengths-Based Therapy and Mindsets
The Revised Strengths-Based Counseling Model
Strengths-Based Therapy: Overview of Phases
Strengths-Based Therapy Techniques
Summary
Introduction
Multigenerational Family Therapy
Key Concepts of Multigenerational Family Therapy
The Therapeutic Process
Case Illustration From a Bowenian Family Therapy Approach
Experiential Family Therapy
Key Concepts of Experiential Family Therapy
Case Illustration of the Experiential Approach to Family Therapy
Structural Family Therapy
Key Concepts of Structural Family Therapy
The Therapeutic Process
Case Illustration of Structural Family Therapy
Strategic Family Therapy
Key Concepts of Strategic Family Therapy
The Therapeutic Process
Research and Evaluation
Summary
PART V: THE FIFTH FORCE IN PSYCHOTHERAPY: NEUROSCIENCE AND THEORIES OF PSYCHOTHERAPY
Introduction
The Promise of Neuroscience
Criteria for Neuroscience to Be the Fifth Force in Psychotherapy
Introduction
Major Contributors
Toward a Theoretical Framework for Neuropsychotherapy
Key Concepts of Neuroscience
The Therapeutic Process
Recent Brain-Based Therapies: Interpersonal Neurobiology, Neurocounseling, Trauma-Informed Counseling, and Coherence Therapy
Neuroscience and the DSM–5
Research and Evaluation
Summary
Introduction
Pathways to Psychotherapy Integration
Toward Developing Your Own Approach to Integrative Psychotherapy
Points of Psychotherapy Integration: Therapist Worldviews, Goals, Role of Therapist and Client, and Counseling Techniques
Worldviews of Theories of Psychotherapy
Key Concepts of Theories of Psychotherapy
The Therapeutic Process
Top Five Ways to Determine Your Theoretical Orientation to Psychotherapy
Summary
References
Index