Who Was Sigmund Freud?
The Relevance of Psychoanalysis
Inauguration: To Mark the Beginning of a New Period, Style, or Activity
Starting With the Two Most Important Common Factors: The Client and the Counseling Relationship
Freud Versus Freud: What Did He Actually Do?
Freud’s Goody-goods: The Necessity of Collaboration
Constructing a Counselor-Friendly Freud
The Cause(s) of Mental Illness
Transference and Countertransference
Further Developments
Summary
The First Client: Bertha Pappenheim
Intensive, Ongoing Treatment
Catharsis and Hypnotism
The Psychoanalytic Cure
Listening to Pappenheim With Sympathy and Interest
Pappenheim’s Contemporary Importance
Did Breuer Truly “Get” Pappenheim?
Empathic Listening and Interpretation
The Heroic Client
Pappenheim’s Amazing Transformation
Primum Non Nocere—Above All, Do No Harm
“The True Vehicle of Therapeutic Influence”
The Therapeutic Relationship: What’s It Really Like?
Finding the Sweet Spot
Summary
How the Mind Works: The Structural Model and the Topographical Model
The Topographical View
The Ego in Conflict
How People—and Problems—Develop
Repression
Freud’s Mechanisms of Defense
Repression, Revisited
Denial
Displacement and Projection
Reaction Formation, Rationalization/Intellectualization, Introjection, Identification, Regression
Sublimation
Don’t Forget: Sex Can Be Fun!
The Therapeutic Aim of Psychoanalysis
Resistance
Progress, Slow and Steady
Three Choices
The Tools of Psychoanalysis: The Background of Freud’s Technique
The Return of Catharsis
The Return of Rest Cures, Electrotherapy, and Psychopharmacology
You Are Getting Very Sleepy…
No Wait—Your Eyes Aren’t Closing—They are Moving!
Say Everything
No Sex With Clients
To What Degree Must We Abstain?
Recommendations, Not Rules
Thoughts and Feelings
The Tools of Psychoanalysis: Interventions to Accomplish Its Aim
First, Ally With the Ego
Transference, Pros and Cons
Free Association
Dream Analysis
Slips of the Tongue, Jokes, and Habitual Actions
Rounding Out the Picture: King Oedipus, Sex/Love and Aggression/Death, the Nature of Trauma, and Other Freudian Controversies
Could This Story Tell Us Anything About Freud?
Sex, Sex, and Sex
Sex and Violence
Was Freud Sexualized at an Early Age?
Sexual Trauma
Summary
Freud’s Drive Theory
Ego
Object Relations and Interpersonal Psychoanalysis
Self
Neuroscience and Psychoanalysis
The Development of the Emotional Self
An Illustration: Daddy Day Care
Counseling as a Corrective Affective (and Cognitive) Experience
Summary
“My Parents Were Jews, and I Have Remained a Jew Myself”
Social Class: Is Psychoanalysis Just For Rich People?
Practical Matters First: Money
A Theoretical Concern: Who Has Time for Insight?
Theoretical Concern Number Two: Who Has the Necessary Ego Strength?
The Relational Response
Recent Scholarship: The Free Clinics
Psychoanalysis as Failed Feminism
Are Men and Women Really Different?
Empirical Research to the Rescue
Ethics of Rights, Ethics of Care, and Difference Feminism
Psychological Adjustment and Societal Change
Summary
Session One: Getting to Know Jennie
Sessions Two to Four: The Growth of the Counseling Relationship
Sessions Five and Six: The Usual Detours
Session Seven: The Big Dream
Session Eight: How Should I Respond?
Session Nine: The Time is Right
Session Ten (and Beyond): On the Journey, Together
Summary
The Unconscious, Version 2.0
A More Useful Freud
The Client Is the Most Important Person in the Room
Future Considerations
Summary