List of Practice Illustrations
Preface
Acknowledgments
Introduction
PART I. DIMENSIONS OF THE HUMANISTIC APPROACH
Historical Overview of Democratic Principles Values of the Humanistic Group
Democratic Norms as Values in Action
Humanistic Values 1-4
Humanistic Value 1: People Have Inherent Worth and Equal Right to Oportunity
Humanistic Value 2: People Are Responsible for and to One Another
Humanistic Value 3: People Have the Right to Belong to and Be Included in Supportive Systems
Humanistic Value 4: People Have the Right to Take Part and to Be Heard
Summary
Humanistic Values 5-8
Humanistic Value 5: People Have the Right to Freedom of Speech and Freedom of Expression
Humanistic Value 6: People Who Are Different Enrich One Another
Humanistic Value 7: People Have the Right to Freedom of Choice
Humanistic Value 8: People Have the Right to Question and Challenge Professionals in Authority Roles
Summary
Overview of Stage Theory
The T-Group Model and the Boston Model
Beginning, Middle, and Ending Phases
Group Process and Group Purpose
Stage Theory and Member Differences
Stage Themes and Practitioner Reactions to Members
Stage Themes: Humanism and Democracy
Stage Themes of group development
Stage Theme 1: "We're Not in Charge"
Stage Theme 2: "We Are in Charge"
Stage Theme 3: "We're Taking You On"
Stage Theme 4: Sanctuary
Stage Theme 5: "This Isn't Good Anymore"
Stage Theme 6: "We're Okay and Able"
Stage Theme 7: "Just a Little Longer"
Summary
PART II. OBJECTIVES AND TECHNIQUES OF HUMANISTIC GROUP WORK
The Dual Objectives: Developing the Democratic Mutual Aid System and Actualizing Purpose
Developing the Democratic Mutual Aid System
Actualizing Group Purpose
Accomplishing the Dual Objectives
Dual Objectives and the Change Process
Interactions of the Dual Objectives
Forms of Interaction that Foster the Democratic Mutual Aid System
Forms of Interaction that Foster the Actualization of Group Purpose
Summary
Use of Technique
Categorizing Techniques
Techniques for Developing the Democratic Mutual aid System
Facilitating Collective Participation
Scanning
Engaging the Group as a Whole
Modulating the Expression of Feeling
Facilitating Decision-Making Processes
Processing the Here and Now
Expressing Feelings About the Practitioner Role
Goal Setting
Good and Welfare
Summary
Techniques for Actualizing Group Purpose
Role Rehearsal
Programming
Group Reflective Consideration
Interpretation
Feedback
Summary
Further Techniques for Actualizing Group Purpose
Conflict Resolution
Group Mending
Confrontation
Data and Facts
Self-Disclosure
Dealing With the Unknown
Taking Stock
Summary
Techniques for Developing the Democratic Mutual Aid System and Actualizing Group Purpose
Demand for Work
Directing
Lending a Vision
Staying With Feelings
Silence
Support
Exploration
Identification
Summary
PART III. DIFFERENTIAL APPLICATION OF THE HUMANISTIC APPROACH
Assessment Activities and the Group Member
Assessing the Member in the Group
Psychosocial Criteria for Assessment
Capacity Toward Mutual Aid and Purpose
Ego Abilities and Sense of Self
Social Institutional Environment
Stereotypes and Self-Fulfilling Prophesies
Symbolic Representations of the Practitioner and Group
Summary
Mental Health Groups
Health Care Groups
Substance and Alcohol Addictions Groups
Summary
PART IV. PRACTICE VARIATIONS AND CONTINGENCIES
Short-Term Groups
Single-Session Groups
Open-Ended Groups
Structured Groups
Summary
Setting Up the Group Meeting
Preparing for the Initial Meeting
Informal Between-Session Contacts With Practitioner
Formal Between-Session Contacts With Practitioner
Postgroup Responsibilities
Copractice
Summary
References
Index
About the Author